A narrative review on fasting of pregnant women in the holy month of Ramadan

One of the basic rituals of Islam is fasting during Ramadan. In this month, all able-bodied Muslims abstain from food, fluids, smoking, and oral medications from sunrise to sunset. According to the Quran, if fasting poses major health risks to individuals, fasting during this holy month is not allowed. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fasting on maternal and fetal health. Therefore, we investigated studies in three different areas, including fetal growth and development, intrauterine and early-life conditions, and laboratory findings. According to the results, fasting had no significant effect on pregnant and healthy women. However, further studies should be conducted in this area in order to obtain more comprehensive and accurate results. Furthermore, it is suggested that healthy pregnant women be monitored by physicians during fasting.